Technology

Virtual silicon before you pay for silicon

A respin costs months and a mask set. Our goal is to simulate as much as physics allows before any FPGA board or tapeout, with every layer calibrated against measured data. Simulation cuts respins. It does not remove silicon, because errors stack across layers and some effects only show on a real die. We say that in the tool, not only here.

Blocks at fpga-routed 26Blocks at simulated 245Blocks planned 1,139

Maturity tiers

Maturity is earned, one reproducible flow at a time

Every IP block carries a tier, stored with the evidence that produced it. A block moves up only when the flow for the next tier runs clean and anyone can rerun it. The new tiers between formal and fpga are the virtual tapeout.

planned · 1,139Catalog entry with interfaces
skeletonLint-clean register skeleton
simulated · 245Self-checking testbench vs a reference
formalProperties proven
fpga-routed · 26Timing met on a routed FPGA netlist
fpgaRunning on a board
siliconMeasured on a shuttle chip
Defined, no blocks yetBlocks hold this tier today (count shown)Virtual tapeout tier, flow in development
TierEarned whenRisk still open
simulatedLint clean under Verilator, a self-checking testbench passes against a bit-exact Python reference model, with official vectors where they existSynthesis, timing, real clocks and I/O
formalProperties for the block type proven with SymbiYosysPhysical implementation
fpga-routedYosys and nextpnr route the block for ECP5, iCE40 or Gowin, timing met at a stated clock, and the block's own testbench passes on the routed netlist with FPGA cell modelsBoard-level clocks, I/O standards and power
signoffRTL to GDS per open PDK, DRC and LVS clean, timing met at ss, tt and ff, power and IR reported, gate-level simulation with SDF at each cornerSilicon variability and unmodelled physics
signoff-amsExtracted-parasitic SPICE with Monte Carlo over corners, yield stated in percentSilicon variability and unmodelled physics
siliconMeasured on a fabricated chip, such as a multi-project shuttle test dieVolume yield and qualification

The simulation chain

From atoms to the assembled product

Each layer hands calibrated results to the one above it. The left column is what ships today. The right column is what we are building next.

Factory

TodayDiscrete-event fab simulation and robot cells

NextA digital twin of a production line

System

TodayVerilator co-simulation with firmware, Renode and QEMU

NextEmulation-scale runs

Package and board

TodayPackage thermal and warpage, SI/PI, multiphysics

NextCoupled electro-thermal-mechanical runs, turbulence and radiation

Analog and mixed signal

Todayngspice and Xyce

NextMonte Carlo yield in the signoff-ams tier

Post-layout simulation

TodayIcarus Verilog and Verilator

NextThe same testbench on the gate netlist with SDF at each corner

Digital signoff

TodayOpenROAD flow, multi-corner OpenSTA, power and IR, DRC, LVS, PEX

NextThe virtual tapeout signoff tier for every block

Standard cells

TodayCharacterisation with ngspice into Liberty

NextCells for compound-semiconductor processes

Device

TodayDEVSIM device simulation

NextCompact-model extraction feeding SPICE

Process

TodayProcess steps, ViennaPS topography, lithography, epitaxy and bonding

NextCalibration to measured wafers

Materials and chemistry

TodayMaterial properties database (pymatgen)

NextCantera kinetics for CVD, etch and ALD; atomistic and band-structure codes

Engineering choices

What makes the results trustworthy

physics

Models you can audit

Every model cites its correlation or standard and states its validity range: Deal-Grove and Massoud oxidation, IEEE 1241 and 1139 for spectrum analysis, IEC 61000-4-7 and IEEE 1459 for power. Placeholders and assumptions are labelled in the interface.

signoff

Native DRC, LVS and extraction in Rust

openforge-drc, openforge-lvs and openforge-xrc use R-tree spatial indexing, VF2 graph matching with device folding, and fringe and coupling capacitance models, with a lookup-table mode for foundry RC data.

process

From the boule up

Crystal growth (Cz, MCz and FZ for silicon; LEC and VGF for GaAs and InP), epitaxy, implant, diffusion, oxidation, lithography and bonding feed DEVSIM device simulation and compact model cards.

cross-domain

One project, chip to enclosure

Ball maps flow into PCB fanout, power maps flow into conjugate heat transfer, and boards flow into enclosures through ECAD to MCAD exchange, without re-entering data.

automation

Autotuned flows

Flow parameters can be searched with Bayesian optimisation across runs, and an optional local language model assists inside the app without sending designs off the machine.

reproducible

Evidence stored with the block

Engines run at pinned versions and each block keeps the results that earned its tier next to its sources, so anyone can rerun the flow and compare.

Results

Example chips in the repository

Each example ships with its configuration, sources and a signoff report, so these numbers can be reproduced. They are open-PDK results, not foundry signoff.

ExamplePDKCellsOutcome
asic-picorv32-sky130 RISC-V CPUsky130A7,971RTL to GDS, LVS match 7,971 / 7,971, extracted 14.5 nF typical
asic-caravel-mgmt-sky130 management SoCsky130A22,151RTL to GDS, 113 MB GDS, extracted 69.3 nF typical
asic-caravel-sky130 Wishbone countersky130A268LVS match 315 / 315
asic-counter-ihp-sg13g2IHP SG13G2330 detail-route DRC violations, LVS match 38 / 38
asic-counter-sky130sky130A35Full RTL to GDS, LVS match 35 / 35

How we label what we know

These rules apply to the product, the documentation and this site.

Maturity is stated, never implied

A planned block is a plan. A simulated block has passed simulation and nothing more. Tiers only move with evidence.

Placeholders stay visible

When a value has no source it is marked as a placeholder or an assumption in the results, with a count of how many a result depends on.

No certification claims

Cryptographic blocks are constant time by design and are not certified. Reliability and safety bundles produce evidence, not approvals.

Simulation has limits

Models are calibrated against measured test structures. Variability, defects and new-process physics still need silicon to confirm.

Calibrate it against your process

Foundries and labs with test structure data can help close the loop between simulation and silicon.

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